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There are 1.8 identified and described species of animals and
plants per each square kilometer (0.386 of a square mile) in Costa Rica, making
of it one of the world’s nine countries with the most density of species and
one of the 20 with the highest diversity. This was confirmed in a survey of
species published by scientists from the Biodiversity National Institution
(INBio). According to this study, in an area of only 51,100 square kilometers
(19,725 square miles), which are only 0.03 percent of the planet’s land
surface, Costa Rica has 91,000 species, or 4.5 percent of the known species.
Scientists say that the actual figures are likely to be much more surprising,
because the identified species are only 18 percent of the country’s likely
total biodiversity.